中风

在美国，中风是第三大导致死亡的原因。每年，大约有700,000美国人初发或再发中风，150,000多人因中风而死亡，其中超过60%是女性。中风存活者也将伴随长期的残疾。

当大脑某一部分供血突然被阻断或者减少时，中风发生了，被这一部分大脑控制的身体功能随之发生改变。这就是通常所指的“脑中风”。如果身体的任何部位（包括大脑）缺血缺氧，细胞将会损伤或者死亡。尽管某些细胞损伤是可逆性的，但是脑细胞的损伤是永久的，通常留下终身残疾。

中风分两型：

1. 缺血性——由大脑动脉供血阻断引起；占中风的88%。
2. 出血性——由血管破裂，脑内出血引起；可发生于颅内动脉瘤或者颅外伤。动脉瘤通常由先天缺陷或者高血压引起。

On This Site
Tests: Lp-PLA₂
Conditions: Heart attack, Heart disease

Elsewhere On The Web
American Stroke Association
NINDS Stroke Information Page
American Heart Association Guide to Heart Disease, Stroke and Risks

Article Sources

NOTE: This article is based on research that utilizes the sources cited here as well as the collective experience of the Lab Tests Online Editorial Review Board. This article is periodically reviewed by the Editorial Board and may be updated as a result of the review. Any new sources cited will be added to the list and distinguished from the original sources used.

Sources Used in Current Review

Christenson RH and Dambinova S. Stroke: A Look at Emerging Biochemical Markers. Clinical Laboratory News March 2008. Volume 34, Number 3. Available online at http://www.aacc.org/publications/cln/2008/mar/Pages/series_0308.aspx through http://www.aacc.org. Accessed May 2008.

The Internet Stroke Center: Blood Tests and Procedures Used for Stroke Diagnosis. Available online at http://www.strokecenter.org/pat/diagnosis/blood_tests.htm through http://www.strokecenter.org. Accessed May 2008.

National Institute of Nurological Disorders and Stroke. Stroke Information Page. Available online at http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/stroke/stroke.htm through http://www.ninds.nih.gov. Accessed May 2008.

Sources Used in Previous Reviews

Thomas, Clayton L., Editor (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA [18th Edition].

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (2001). Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 5th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO.

Klausner HA, Lewandowski C. Infrequent causes of stroke. Emerg Med Clinics of North Amer 20:657, 2002.

Chalel JA, Merino JG, Warach S. Update on stroke. Curr Opin Neurol 17:447, 2004.

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Ed. Kasper DL, et al., Eds. McGraw-Hill Companies. 2005.