- 分子检测(RT-PCR):用于诊断SARS-CoV-2感染(COVID-19)
- 抗体(血清学)检测:用于检测SARS-CoV-2抗体,阳性表示感染过该病毒;有助于大流行病追踪。
现已开发COVID-19抗原检测,以检测呼吸系统样本中SARS CoV-2的蛋白质成分,但还没有在美国大范围推广。(更多信息可见下文常见问题中的抗原测试)
(译者:许笑 关明)
现已开发COVID-19抗原检测,以检测呼吸系统样本中SARS CoV-2的蛋白质成分,但还没有在美国大范围推广。(更多信息可见下文常见问题中的抗原测试)
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当你出现症状或体征,怀疑为SARS-CoV-19感染的时候,特别是如果你接触过确诊新冠肺炎的患者或面临高危感染风险的时候,你必须要进行病毒检测。 以下症状能使你的健康医师高度怀疑你可能患有新冠肺炎:
美国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)已发布指南,指出哪些人需要检测,但是最终决定权还是在于医生和当地健康机构。
在美国,不是每个人都需要检测的。大多数人是轻到中度症状,能在家自愈,无需检测。这些人和他们的保健医师留在家要比前往检测点检测更安全。同样,现在还没有对该病毒的特效治疗方法,所以,检测结果不会影响到保健医师对患者制定治疗方案。但是,检测结果能有助于决定你是否需要居家和隔离,比如居家工作和通知你的密切接触者。
美国CDC会定期更新可优先接受RT-PCR的受试者指南。人们能从相应网站上找到当前的优先事项。
目前,随着形势的发展,RT-PCR检测对象的范围还在扩大。例如,不管什么理由,凡是前往医院就医的人都需要进行筛查。检测结果有助于决定受试者在医院期间是否需要隔离。检测还可用于接触者追踪和员工筛查,以确定是否当前有感染。
抗体检测(血清学试验)
当你的保健医师想要了解你的身体是否已经产生抗新冠病毒抗体的时候,他会要求你进行血液检测抗体的试验,即使你不曾有任何症状。随着美国FDA正在批准越来越多的血清学试验,检测适用对象的标准也在一直变化。
RT-PCR检测试验:
抗体检测(血清学试验)
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